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пятница, 4 января 2013 г.


Youth in action
A Letter to participants.
 I want to be in the program because it is really a great opportunity to visit the UK. We read a great deal of information about the country and its people in our textbooks in my English classes. So it’s incredible to see with my own eyes at least a small part of what we learnt about. Visiting foreign countries enables you to get a new experience. And it’s certainly worth doing. Also, it’s a great chance to practice my English in the UK. One more reason to be in the program is meeting new people. I’m sure we’ll make friends with teenagers from other countries and will later chat on-line or keep in touch in a different way. Besides it’s interesting to discuss something with other people and listen to their ideas comparing them with yours.
Finally, why not to enjoy a nice journey and learn something new?



How I spent New Year!


How I spent New Year!

I saw the New Year in greatly. It was amazing. As usual I celebrated it with my family. We watched  New Year congratulations of our president and we spoke about different things. After that I went with my friends to have a party. We had a lot of fun there we danced, told jokes to each other watched the New Year concert on  TV. Then we went to the centre of our town to have a look at the New Year tree, which is in the middle of the central square. Also, we watched the fireworks display there Here are some photos.
                                                                                                                  
This is a photo of the New Year tree which is standing in our living room.


My mom, little brother and I at the festival table, this photo was made by my dad.








понедельник, 24 декабря 2012 г.

Scottish castles

Scottish castles

From magnificent city landmarks to mysterious ruins, Scotland is renowned for its iconic castles. Whether you are looking to explore the largest in the country, follow a regional trail or seek out those hidden gems, there is plenty of history to uncover as each castle has a fascinating tale to tell.

Head to Aberdeen City and Shire where you will find Scotland’s only designatedCastle Trail boasting 17 highlights to visit. Dunnottar Castle is perched on a cliff-top, a beautiful fortress, while Craigievar is a fine example of Scottish baronial architecture and the striking curtain wall at Balvenie will leave you awe-inspired.
Scotland’s capital is home to Edinburgh Castle, which overlooks the city from an extinct volcano. See the nation’s crown jewels before admiring some of the oldest Renaissance decorations in Britain in The Great Hall.Step back to a time of James V at Stirling Castle’s recently refurbished Royal Palace and experience a world of lavish colour with rich and elaborate decor. The castle also houses some beautiful tapestries and you can experience what was once a bustling kitchen as well as a Regimental Museum.

Eilean Donan Castle, by the picturesque village of Dornie on the main route to Skye, is one of the most admired castles in Scotland. Ruined in a Jacobite rising, it has now been restored and is the base of Clan McRae.Many of Scotland’s castles still belong to the clans, including Eilean Donan and Dunvegan Castle on the Isle of Skye. Dunvegan has been home of the chiefs of Clan MacLeod for 800 years and is the oldest continuously inhabited castle in Scotland.One of the most romantic castles in the Highlands, Cawdor is forever connected with Shakespeare's tragedyMacbeth. Although this 14th century tower house was constructed long after the historical events that inspired the play took place, it has always been the ancestral home of the Thanes of Cawdor.Wherever you are in Scotland, you’re never far away from a striking ruin or charming castle which will amaze and excite you with its tales of past lives and loves.

St. Andrew's Day

St. Andrew's Day


St. Andrew's Day is the feast day of Saint Andrew. It is celebrated on November 30 in Scotland.

Who was St Andrew?
Saint Andrew is the patron saint of Scotland, Greece and Russia and was Christ's first disciple.
St. Andrew was one of the Twelve Apostles (disciples of Jesus) and brother of Simon Peter (Saint Peter). He was a fisherman by trade, who lived in Galilee (in present-day Israel.)Very little is really known about St. Andrew himself. He was thought to have been a fisherman in Galilee (now part of Israel), along with his elder brother Simon Peter (Saint Peter). Both became followers (apostles) of Jesus Christ, founder of the Christian religion.St. Andrew is said to have been responsible for spreading the tenets of the Christian religion though Asia Minor and Greece. Tradition suggests that St. Andrew was put to death by the Romans in Patras, Southern Greece by being pinned to a cross (crucified). The diagonal shape of this cross is said to be the basis for the Cross of St. Andrew which appears on the Scottish Flag.St. Andrews bones were entombed, and around 300 years later were moved by Emperor Constantine (the Great) to his new capital Constantinople (now Istambul in Turkey). Legend suggests that a Greek Monk (although others describe him as an Irish assistant of St. Columba) called St. Rule (or St. Regulus) was warned in a dream that St. Andrews remains were to be moved and was directed by an angel to take those of the remains which he could to the "ends of the earth" for safe-keeping. St. Rule dutifully followed these directions, removing a tooth, an arm bone, a kneecap and some fingers from St. Andrew's tomb and transporting these as far away as he could. Scotland was close to the extremities of the know world at that time and it was here that St. Rule was shipwrecked with his precious cargo.St. Rule is said to have come ashore at a Pictish settlement on the East Coast of Scotland and this later became St. Andrews. Thus the association of St. Andrew with Scotland was said to have begun.Perhaps more likely than the tale of St. Rule's journey is that Acca, the Bishop of Hexham, who was a reknown collector of relics, brought the relics of St. Andrew to St. Andrews in 733. There certainly seems to have been a religious centre at St. Andrews at that time, either founded by St. Rule in the 6th century or by a Pictish King, Ungus, who reigned from 731 - 761.Whichever tale is true, the relics were placed in a specially constructed chapel. This chapel was replaced by the Cathedral of St. Andrews in 1160, and St. Andrews became the religious capital of Scotland and a great centre for Medieval pilgrims who came to view the relics.There are other legends of how St. Andrew and his remains became associated with Scotland, but there is little evidence for any of these, including the legend of St. Rule. The names still exist in Scotland today, including St. Rules Tower, which remains today amongst the ruins of St. Andrews Cathedral.It is not known what happened to the relics of St. Andrew which were stored in St. Andrews Cathedral, although it is most likely that these were destroyed during the Scottish Reformation. The Protestant cause, propounded by Knox, Wishart and others, won out over Roman Catholism during the Reformation and the "idolatry of catholism", that is the Saints, relics, decoration of churches, were expunged during the process of converting the Roman Catholic churches of Scotland to the harsh simplicity of Knox's brand of Calvanism. The place where these relics were kept within the Cathedral at St. Andrews is now marked by a plaque, amongst the ruins, for visitors to see. The larger part of St. Andrew's remains were stolen from Constantinople in 1210 and are now to be found in Amalfi in Southern Italy. In 1879 the Archbishop of Amalfi sent a small piece of the Saint's shoulder blade to the re-established Roman Catholic community in Scotland.In 1969, Gordon Gray, leader of the Roman Catholic Church in Scotland was in Rome to be appointed the first Scottish Cardinal since the Reformation. Pope Paul VI gave him further relics of St. Andrew with the words "Saint Peter gives you his brother". These are now displayed in a reliquary in St. Mary's Roman Catholic Cathedral in Edinburgh.

Please watch this short videos to get more information about St. Andrew's Day

The story of
St. Andrew

Finale weekend celebrations-
St. Andrew's Day






Walter Scott

Walter Scott


Walter Scott was born on August 15, 1771 in Edinburgh, Scotland. He is Scottish writer and poet and one of the greatest historical novelists. Scott was born on August 15, 1771, in Edinburgh as the son of a solicitor Walter Scott and Anne, a daughter of professor of medicine. Scott created and popularized historical novels in a series called the Waverley Novels. In his novels Scott arranged the plots and characters so the reader enters into the lives of both great and ordinary people caught up in violent, dramatic changes in history.Scott’s work reflects the influence of the 18th century enlightenment. He believed every human was basically decent regardless of class, religion, politics, or ancestry. Tolerance is a major theme in his
historical works. The Waverley Novels express his belief in the need for social progress that does not reject the traditions of the past. He was the first novelist to portray peasant characters sympathetically and realistically, and was equally just to merchants, soldiers, and even kings.

Interesting

As one of his country’s earliest prominent writers, Sir Walter Scott helped establish Scotland’s place in the literary canon. Scott was a prolific poet as well as the author of numerous historical romances and adventures. Despite his early success and the influence he exerted over nineteenth-century English literature, time had not always been kind to Scott. Later critics denounced his works on grounds of structure, tone, and content. Yet, in many ways, Scott was at the forefront of the romantic, larger-than-life style that pervaded the late nineteenth century. A renewed interest in Scott has overlooked his faults and helped cast his work
in a more positive light. He remains a significant figure in both the Scottish canon and literature as a whole.

 Popular books By Walter Scott

Ivanhoe
by Sir Walter Scott
Ivanhoe, first published in 1819, is a romantic tale of peril and rescue, chivalry and pageantry. It is the tale of Sir Wilfred of Ivanhoe, a knight returning from the Crusades who finds himself disinherited and thwarted in the pursuit of the lady Rowena.

Rob Roy
by Sir Walter Scott
This novel helped establish historical novels as a literary form. Rob Roy follows the adventures of a businessman's son, Frank Osbaldistone, who is sent to Scotland and finds himself drawn to the powerful, enigmatic figure of Rob Roy MacGregor, the romantic outlaw who fights for justice and dignity for the Scots


The Antiquary
by Sir Walter Scott
The third novel in the Waverley series, and Scott's personal favorite, The Antiquary centers on a young man who meets a loquacious old antiquary, on a trip to Scotland. He falls in love with the daughter of a local landowner, however, with no wealth or title, his feelings go unrequited until an extraordinary act of courage.

The Bride of Lammermoor
by Sir Walter Scott
 A novel of loss, love, and vengeance is the fourth in Scott's Scottish cycle, Tales of My Landlord. This new edition includes an account of the textual history of the novel, a list of verbal changes from the first-edition text, and a glossary.

The Heart of Midlothian
by Sir Walter Scott
This novel, set between the two Jacobean insurrections in 1736 and during the Porteous Riots, is considered by many it to be Scott's national epic.




Visit Scotland

Visit Scotland

Today when I was surfing in the Internet I found very interesting videos about Scotland

Enjoy watching!








The British Electoral System

The British Electoral System



During the elections, the United Kingdom is divided into constituencies, each of which elects one Member of Parliament for the meeting at the House of Public Representatives. To monitor the elections in the House of Parliament, organized four temporary commission (for England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland), who make reports on availability in homes and accountable for the conduct of elections. Today in the Boma community representatives of 659 seats, one seat for every 65,000 voters. All British citizens (as well as Irish citizens) have the right to vote if they are 18 or older, if they are registered, if they are not members of the House of Lords, and are not condemned criminals. Voting is not mandatory, on average, are going to vote for about 75% of the electorate, the figure is 8% lower than in the same 1945. Candidate in the electoral district that receives the most votes becomes the member of the House Public Representatives. The rest of the candidates who were not even very close to winning do not get seats. If a member of parliament from office refuses to die or become a peer during his service in Parliament, will be made re-election in the constituency, where he was the representative. Candidates do not need to belong to a party to qualify for the post of member of the government, but such cases are very few elective practice. In fact, candidates for parliament - are members of the various parties that support their elected enough votes. This of course can be said to be undemocratic, but the citizens are also supporters of a particular party. In Britain, very few people who are not involved in politics and have no interest in it. Thus. in Britain there was a system of parliamentary elections.